The oil palm is a tropical
palm tree. There are two species of oil palm, the better known
one is the one originating from Guinea, Africa and was first
illustrated by Nicholaas Jacquin in 1763, hence its name,
Elaeis guineensis Jacq . Its generic name derives from Greek
elaia = olive, on account of its fruits rich in oil. Its specific
name refers to the species area of origin.) The Oil palm originated
in West Africa but has since been planted successfully in
tropical regions within 20 degrees of the equator. The cultivated
oil palm tree belongs to the species Elaeis guineensis from
tropical Africa. It is allogamous and propagated via seeds.
A related species from South America, E.oleifera, is a promising
potential source of valuable characters, including reduced
growth habit and resistance to diseases such like But Rot.
The genome size oil palm is 1.95 Bbp and it has 2n = 2x =
32 chromosomes. Oil is extracted from both the pulp of the
fruit (palm oil, an edible oil) and the kernel (palm kernel
oil, used mainly for soap manufacture). Both palm oil and
palm kernel oil are high in olefins, a potentially valuable
chemical group that can be processed into many non-food products
as well. Oil palm is normally monoecious; in other words,
it has both male and female flowers on the same tree. It produces
thousands of fruits, in compact bunches whose weight varies
between 10 and 40 kilograms.Single nucleotide polymorphisms
(SNPs) are the most basic unit of genetic variation and represent
the commonest class of DNA-based markers. This database
contains information about Oil Palm EST and SNP information.
NCBI's dbEST used as a source of Oil Palm ESTs Cap3 and AutoSNP
tools used to make contigs and SNP analysis. |